Biography Stephen Hawking Briefly

The English language Stephen Hawking is one of the most influential and known general public theoretics of our time. He was born on January 8 in Oxford, where his parents moved from London, fearing German aviation bombing. Father - Frank Hawking, who worked as a researcher at a medical center in Humpsted. Mother, Isabelle Hawking, worked there as a secretary. In addition to Stephen, two younger sisters were brought up in the family - Philip and Mary, and the adopted brother Edward.

In the year, he graduated from the University of Oxford's degree B. with Hawking works at the University of Cambridge. So, in - he worked at the Institute of Theoretical Astronomy, in the Institute of Astronomy, in - at the department of applied mathematics and theoretical physics, in - taught the theory of gravity, in - - professor of gravity physics, C - professor of mathematics.

B - was a scholarship at the California Technological Institute. In the year he married Jane Wilde, later they had a daughter and two sons. In the year, Hawking became a member of the London Royal Society. In the year, Hawking became the Lukasov professor of Cambridge University. He held this position up to a year. Already at the beginning of x, the hoking began to appear signs of lateral amyotrophic sclerosis, which led to paralysis.

In the year, Stephen Hawking was seriously ill, he had pneumonia. After a series of operations, the trachea was removed and Hawking lost his ability to speak. Friends gave him a synthesizer of speech, which was installed in his wheelchair. Only the index finger on Hawking’s right hand retained some mobility. Subsequently, mobility remained only in the facial muscle of the cheek, opposite which the sensor was fixed.

With his help, the physicist controls a computer that allows him to communicate with others. Stephen's relationship and Jane gradually worsened, and in the year they began to live separately, and later divorced. In the year, Hawking married his nurse, Eline Mason, with whom he lived for 11 years. In October, they divorced. Despite a serious illness, he leads an active life.

Hawking says to himself that, being a professor of mathematics, he has never received any mathematical education since high school.

In the first year of his teaching in Oxford, Hawking read the textbook, ahead of his own students for two weeks. Scientific activity The main field of Hawking research is cosmology and quantum gravity. Its main achievements: the use of thermodynamics to the description of black holes; Development in the city is one of the founders of quantum cosmology. In the year, between Stephen Hawking and Kip Thorne, a joking Pen was concluded for the Penthouse magazine in the event of the victory of Thorne against a four-year subscription to the Private Eye magazine in case of Hawking’s victory about the nature of the X-1 swan and the nature of its radiation.

Hawking, in the opposition of his theory, based on the existence of black holes, put on the fact that the swan X-1 is not a black hole as he said: "Even if I find myself wrong, at least I will win a subscription to the magazine." He recognized the defeat in the year when the observation data strengthened the confidence in the presence of gravitational singularity in the system.

In the year, Hawking was already a couple with Kip Torne, a bet with John Prestlom, a professor of the California Technological Institute and the director of the Institute of Quantum Information, on the issue of maintaining information about matter, previously captured by a black hole and subsequently emitted by it. Professor Preskill believed that radiation of a black hole carries information, but we cannot decipher it.

Professor Hawking believed, according to his also theory from the year, that this information is basically impossible to detect, because it is borne in a parallel universe, completely inaccessible and absolutely unknowable. In August, at the International Conference on the General Theory of Relativity and Cosmology in Dublin, Professor Hawking presented the revolutionary theory of black holes and simultaneously stated that Professor Preskill is right, and he was mistaken.

From the report it follows that the black hole distorts swallowed information, but still does not destroy it without a trace. In the end, in the process of evaporation of the black hole, the information still breaks out of its embrace. As usual, trying to intrigue listeners who are not ready for the perception of quantum wisdom, Hawking advised fans of science fiction to part with the dream that immersion in a black hole could become a throw into another universe.

However, Professor Preskill noted that he did not fully understand the arguments of Hawking, although, of course, he would receive his winnings and accept the encyclopedia. The third participant in the dispute, Professor Thorne, said that he did not agree with Hawking. The popularization of science Hawking is actively engaged in the popularization of science.

In April, the book “Brief History of Time” was published, which became a bestseller.Then the books “Black Holes and Young Universes” and “The World in a Walnut Shell” appeared in the year a new edition of “Brief History ...” - “The shortest history of time”, written in collaboration with Leonard Mlodinov. In the year, together with his daughter, Lucy Hawking wrote a book for children "George and the Secrets of the Universe." The real splash caused a lecture by Stephen Hawking in March in the White House, when he, at the invitation of President Clinton, gave a scientific forecast for the next millennium as a whole the forecast was optimistic.

In an interview with the year, Hawking spoke more pessimistic. According to the scientist, a person should quickly move to other planets, otherwise on earth he will die from viruses. Hawking was one of the signing the Declaration of the “Steve Project” in support of the theory of evolution and for the prevention of teaching creationism in US public schools. In the year, the Third Bestseller came out about the space and time of the “Universe of Stephen Hawking”.