Maikova swallows biography

About the author Apollo Nikolaevich Maykov - Russian poet. The ancient family of the Maykovs was rich in gifted people. Maykov’s father is an academician of painting, mother - a poetess and translator, brother Valerian is known as a literary critic and publicist, another brother, Leonid, became a historian of literature, publisher. In the year, the family moved to Petersburg. In the early years, Maikov was almost equally fond of both painting and literature, only strong myopia did not allow him to follow the footsteps of his father in the future.

The first, mostly prosaic, experiments in which Gogol’s influence was noticeable in home manuscript magazines. Then, in his classes, poetry began to prevail, and in the year, barely graduating from the law faculty of St. Petersburg University, he published his first book of poems. In the same year, Maikov went abroad, where he spent about two years.

In Paris, he listened to lectures by famous scientists, in Rome participated in the "Funny Coueters of Russian Artists", made trips on the Roman Valley daily, made sketches, wrote poetry. The result of Italian impressions was the new cycle of poems “Essays on Rome” precisely in the Italian period in the work of Maikov’s work the first “break”: from the poetry of anthological, he strives for the poetry of “thoughts and feelings”, and from antiquity - to the life of modern.

Returning to Russia, Maikov decided on his assistant librarian in the Rumyantsev Museum. The circle of his communication of the second half of the 10ths - Turgenev, Grigorovich, Nekrasov, Belinsky. In the literary terms, Mikes at this time experience the principles of a natural school. It is printed a lot in the "domestic notes", in the Nekrasovsky "St. Petersburg collection" for a year performs with the poem "Mashenka".

A little earlier, he wrote the poem "Two Fate", which tells about the history of the "extra" person. Ideologically Makov at this time is close to Westernism. Through the brother of Valerian, he joins the movement of Petrashevites.

But soon their systematic criticism of all the actions of the government begins to depress it. In the movement of Petrashevtsev, Maikov sees utopianism, "not corresponding to the ideal of human perfection," "there is a lot of absence, a lot of selfishness and little love." At a crisis moment for him, Makov gets into the “young edition” of Moskvityanin and unexpectedly finds not only sympathy there, but also support for his changed views.

The denial of the principles of Western European civilization will be a through theme of the Maikov collection "Y year", which very accurately reflected the mindset of the poet of that time. Another end -to -end theme of the collection is the historical mission of Russia, which blocked the hordes of the Batu West and thereby preventing the death of European civilization, "Clermont Cathedral" and others.

In the same years, Mikes became a convinced monarchist, illusory at the same time in the greatness of the personality of Nicholas I The poem "Koliaka" and written in the form of folk tsaria "Shepherd", "About the one," About that, about As a retired soldier of the Perfiles, the work of Maykov, as happens with a true poet, is much wider than his ideological attitudes. Along with verses on the social topic, the Life Duma cycle, idyll of the “fool”, verses of the political and ideologized nature of Mikes creates poems that continue the aesthetic and anthological principles of his early poetry: cycles of “fantasy” "Cabbages".

In the year, once again in the work of Maykov, an Italian theme will arise related to his participation in the naval expedition to the islands of the Greek archipelago. The corvette on which Maikov sailed did not get to Greece, but lingered in Naples. As a result, two cycles arose instead of one plan: according to fresh Italian impressions, the Neapolitan album was written - a kind of story in verses from the folk life of Naples, and as a result of the preliminary study of the new Greek history and culture, the “new Greek songs” were created “Lullaby Song”, “Swallow rushed” and others.

The last quarter of a century in the life of Maikov became, in essence, it became a care of it from the maintenance of it empirical reality in the sphere of eternal issues of being, general reflections on the course of development of civilizations. On the other hand, the fate of Russia, its present and the past, its historical purpose occupy the central place in the thoughts of the late Maykov.

At the same time, in the years, Maikov also has a number of poems imbued with a sense of deep religiosity and faith that religious humility is the main feature of the Russian person, “Leave it, leave it! .. In the book “Eternal Satellites,” Merezhkovsky wrote: “Fate made Maikov’s vital path even and bright. Neither struggle, nor passions, nor enemies, nor persecution.

Travels, books, poems, family joys, flickering, flicker, but durable glory.” Perhaps, in fact, for the Russian poet, Makov had a poor -poetic biography: he was not a persecution, did not die on a duel or on a scaffold, he was not torn by painful passions. Everything external went deep in him.But it was his inner, spiritual evolution, his path from the Greeks and Romans to Russian reality, Russian history, the history of foreign peoples, the poetry of the Holy Scriptures, to the eternal issues of being - all this became his biography, his true fate.

Based on materials: "Russian poets. Anthology of Russian poetry in 6 volumes. Moscow, children's literature,".