Gruck biography

Interesting facts Biography Creativity of the Norwegian composer and conductor Edward Grieg are hundreds of works written during romanticism, which the musician inspired folklore. Several plays of Grieg became known after his death, and many songs, romances and vocal works are used by modern creative figures as soundtracks for artistic and animated films.

He grew up in an educated family, where music was an important component of everyday life. In the veins of Edward's great -grandfather for his father, the merchant Alexander Grig, the Scottish blood flowed; Having moved to Norway, for some time he performed the duties of a British vice-consul in Bergen. His son inherited the position and was known as a professional musician - played in the city orchestra.

He took the wife of the chief conductor to his wife. The Vice-Conscial position migrated to the third generation of the Scottish merchant-to the parent of the composer Alexander Grig, who took the wife, like her father, a woman with an excellent musical hearing. At home, she played the children - two sons and three daughters - the works of Frederick Chopin and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart.

Edward Grieg played the first piano chords at the age of four. At 12, the teenager wrote the first piano melody, and three years later, thanks to the patronage of the famous Norwegian violinist Ole Bull, he became a student of the Leipzig Conservatory. The talented young man was so demanding of teachers that he changed the mentor, who seemed to him by unprofessional performer.

In Leipzig Grieg, he visited the famous Gevandhaus concert hall, where, performed by musicians with world names, he listened to the works of Johann Sebastian Bach, Richard Wagner and Robert Schumann. The last composer became an indisputable authority for Edward and influenced his early work. Music in his student years, Edward Grieg’s creative biography developed rapidly: the young composer composed four plays for piano and the same number of romances.

In m, the musician left the walls of the conservatory, receiving a diploma with honors. Teachers read the young man a brilliant future in art, calling an outstanding pianist with an expressive manner of performance. In the same year, Grieg gave the first concert in Sweden, but did not stay in the country - he went to his native Bergen. At home, Edward was bored: the level of musical culture of the city seemed low to him.

Boredom prompted Grieg to settle in the city - the legislator of musical fashion, Copenhagen. In this corner of Scandinavia, in the 10ths, the composer composed six piano plays, uniting them into “Poetic Pictures”. Critics noted a national flavor in the writings of the Norwegian. Edward Grieg - “Per Gunt” in the year Edward, along with the Danish musicians, became the founder of the Musical Society “Eerterp”, which introduced Melomanov to the work of the Scandinavian composers.

Grieg created tirelessly: he composed "humor" for execution on the piano, overture "autumn" and the first violin sonata. Having married, the musician with his young wife moved to Oslo, where he was soon invited to take the place of the conductor of the Philharmonic. The period from the end of the X became the time of the creative heyday of the Norwegian composer: Grieg gave the students the first notebook of “lyrical plays”, the second violin sonata and the cycle “25 Norwegian folk songs and dances”.

After rapprochement with the Norwegian writer and Laureate of the Nobel Prize, Björnstierne Björnson Edward wrote the play “Sigurd Crusader” in the year. In the year, Grieg met with a Ferenc leaf, who, having listened to the first violin sonata of the Norwegian composer, was delighted with his talent. The young composer called the support of the maestro invaluable. In the middle of the X, the Norwegian government supported a talented fellow countryman, appointing him a lifelong scholarship from the state.

In these years, Grieg met the poet Heinrik Ibsen, whose poems admired as a child, and wrote the music for his drama “Per Gunt” the most famous overture from the composer’s heritage. After the premiere in Oslo in the year, the musician turned from a national star into a world. Initially, the score for Pens Guntu contained 26 works, but now two parts are performed in the Seuthus genre, four compositions in each.

The final melody of the first is "in the cave of the mountain king." Konstantin Paustovsky captured this story in the story "Basket with spruce cones." In the twentieth century, the American company Warner Brothers repeatedly used the melody in the voice of animation films. Grieg returned to Bergen with a famous and wealthy man. He settled on the Villa "Trollhaugen", where he created up to a year.

The poetry of nature and folklore of his native land inspired him to many masterpieces, such as the “procession of gnomes”, “Kobold”, “Solveig Song” and dozens of sewers.

In letters to friends, the musician described in detail the magnificent nature of Norway, and his songs of the period of life in Trollhaugen are hymns of the wooded mountains and the rapid rivers of the region. Fans saw him as a pianist and conductor, he accompanied his wife, published dozens of collections with songs and romances.But all touring trips ended with a return to Trollhaugen - the most favorite place on Earth, whose name was translated as a “troll hill”.

At the beginning of the year, Grieg met in Leipzig with Peter Tchaikovsky. Acquaintance grew into strong friendship and cooperation. Pyotr Ilyich devoted Hamlet to the Norwegian colleague and delightedly described Grieg in his memoirs. In the beginning of the X, both musicians were awarded the titles of Cambridge doctors. In the press, Grieg’s autobiographical story appeared, called “My First Success”.

Readers appreciated another talent of the Norwegian - writer's. With a light syllable, with humor, the composer described the life path and ascent to the creative Olympus. Grieg worked until the last days of his life. In the year, he went on touring in the cities of Norway, Denmark and Germany, which turned out to be farewell. The last time he saw her an eight -year -old girl, and in Copenhagen a young beauty and a singer with a melodic and strong voice appeared in front of him.

Natives and friends were shocked by Edward and Nina’s novel, but Grieg acted on Christmas holidays in the year, as he considered it necessary: ​​he offered his beloved hand and heart. Neither rumor nor close kinship became an obstacle to scandalous marriage: Grieg and Hagerup got married in the summer of the year. Unable to withstand moral pressure and gossip, the newlyweds left for Oslo.

Two years later, they had a daughter of Alexander. The death of the child became a dark spot in the personal life of the musician and overshadowed the marriage. Nina plunged into depression and closed. The spouses were connected only by concert activity and creative plans, but there was no previous proximity. Grigs no longer had children. In the year, Nina left Edward Grieg, and the composer lived alone for three months.

His aggravated illness - pleurisy, threatening to develop into tuberculosis, - reconciled the spouses. Hagerup returned to take care of her husband. To improve the shabby health of the composer, the couple moved to the mountainous terrain and built the villa “Trollhaugen”. In the village wilderness, finding the rejection in communication with fishermen and lumberjacks, walking in the mountains, Grieg found peace.

Death in the spring Grieg went on tour in Danish and German cities. In the fall, along with Nina Edward, he gathered for a music festival in Britain. The couple stopped at the Bergen port hotel, waiting for the ship to the English capital. At the hotel, the composer felt unwell, he was urgently hospitalized. The musician died on September 4. The cause of death is tuberculosis.

The death of Edward Grieg plunged Norway into national mourning. According to the testament of the composer, his ashes were buried next to the villa, in a rocky niche. Later, Nina Hagerup was buried there. Villa's memory “Trollhaugen”, where Edward Grieg lived the last 14 years of his life, after his death became a museum open to visiting tourists and fans of the talent of the Norwegian composer.

In the villa, the interior, violin, things of the musician have been preserved. A hat hangs on the wall, like during the life of a maestro. Next to the estate is a work house where Grieg loved to retire to work, and his full -length statue. In honor of the composer named the island in the Pacific Ocean from the small ridge of the Kuril Islands. During his lifetime, Edward organized a festival of Norwegian music.

The first was held in the year, but the tradition of holding this annual event is alive to this day. Since the year, in Bergen there has been a Grieg Music Academy - the Norwegian Conservatory of the Berggen University. Discography - sonata for piano Minor, op. When he demonstrated his works to teachers, they, in turn, laughed at young talent because of a bad reputation and calculated his passion for not worthy of attention.

Friendship brought them not only mutual recognition, but also a creative union, as a result of which the composer wrote music to the poetry of the writer. The master was not considered a superstitious master, but he had one weakness - the talisman in the form of a small frog, which the musician rubbed over his performances for good luck. Now it is available to visitors to the Grieg Museum.

In late photos, the composer appears with a bushy mustache and halo of gray hair. Some find the similarity between him and Albert Einstein.