Gastello biography briefly

The latest news biography during the Great Patriotic War Soviet soldiers performed many feats. One of the most famous is the fiery ram that brought posthumous glory to Nikolai Gastello. The biography of this pilot was an example for those who wanted to save their homeland from the fascist invaders, and decades later - for those who retained the memory of the heroism of its defenders.

Childhood and youth Nikolai Frantsevich Gastello was born in Moscow on May 6 according to some sources. Father Franz Pavlovich, Belarusian by nationality, came from the Belarusian village of Pluzhina, and his surname sounded like Gastillo. In the year, the man left his native village and went in search of work in Moscow, where he remained, changing his last name to Gastello. Here he got a job as a worker on the railway.

In the capital, Franz Pavlovich met with his future wife Anastasia Semenovoi, who worked as a seamstress. Nikolai became the first -born in the family, and five years later his brother Victor appeared. Franz with Anastasia and children in the hut in the east of Moscow lived. At the age of six, the future hero entered the school for the named after A. Pushkin, where only two years opened.

The hunger caused Nikolai's evacuation with other schoolchildren in the Volga region, where he spent a year. Returning to the capital, the guy studied for another two years, and then went to master the profession of the joiner as an apprentice. In the year, the family left the capital and moved to Murom. Here is the summer Nikolai and his father settled at the Muromteplovoz plant.

At the age of 20, the young man joined the ranks of the Communist Party. In the year, the family returned to Moscow, where the young man worked at a machine -building plant. Military service under the special set of Nikolai was drafted into the Red Army in the year. In Lugansk, the young man mastered military aviation. At the end of the year, Gastello already as a pilot went to an aviation brigade, the location of which was Rostov-on-Don.

For five years of service, from a year, from the post of the second pilot of the bomber, he grew up to the commander of the ship, independently managing the aircraft. In the year, a reorganization of the unit, where Nikolai served, as a result of which he moved to the first heavy bombardment aviation brigade. Thanks to courage and fidelity to the Soviet people, Nicholas, after a year and a half, took the position of commander of the primary tactical unit, and a year later - the squadron of the squadron.

The second campaign on the account of Nikolai Frantsevich was the Soviet-Finnish war-years. In June, the pilot participated in the Bessarabian operation, as a result of which Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina and the region of Hertz became part of the Soviet Union. In the fall of the year, the location of the part where Nikolai served was transferred to the Pskov region - closer to the European border of the Soviet Union, and then near Smolensk, where Gastello received the rank of captain.

In the spring of the year, on the eve of Germany’s attack on the Soviet Union, Nikolai passed retraining courses and mastered a new combat vehicle - a two -engine bomber Ilyushin. 2 days before his death, June 24, Nikolai committed his first feat, which then, however, remained unnoticed: with the help of a rifle turret, he knocked down a fascist bomber.

During the fighting, Gastello showed himself to be a courageous, brave officer who could quickly make strategically important decisions. Personal life about the personal life of the pilot Nikolai Gastello has practically no information left. It is known that Nikolai was married to Anna Petrovna. Two sons were born in the family, Nikolai and Victor, who were children when his father went to the front.

According to the memoirs of Victor, who at that time turned 9 years old, on the eve of the heroic feat, his father hugged him so much that the imprints of the buttons of the tutorials remained on that. The children did not wait for the father’s objective from the war, but forever retained the memory of him. Later, Victor was born a son - the grandson inherited the name of the famous grandfather.

The death of Nikolai Gastello on June 26, on the fifth day of the Great Patriotic War, the DB-3F aircraft from the Soviet airfield, on board of which was a crew containing four people. The crew of the car received the task of applying a airline on a column of German military equipment, which was moving along the road of Molodechno - Radoshkovichi. The second link also participated in the operation, the crew of which was commanded by Fedor Vorobyov.

The names of all pilots were not preserved in history, but it is known that the navigator Anatoly Rybas was also in the aircraft cab. In the process of performing the operation, German artillery opened fire on Soviet bombers, as a result of which Gastello aircraft turned out to be hit. Due to damage to the enemy shell of the fuel tank, a fire occurred. This was the reason for the death of the heroes who managed to disrupt the special operation of the Nazis at the cost of their own life.

With the onset of night, residents of the surrounding Belarusian villages gathered the bodies of the dead heroes, wrapped them with a parachute and buried them. On the same day, the second -level commander Vorobyov, together with Rybas, filed a report, where they described the circumstances of the death of Nikolai Frantsevich Gastello.Memory taking into account the difficult losses that the Soverical Union suffered, each success of a single unit was publicized in the media.

A week after the death of Nikolai, information about him appeared in the Swinformburo, and five days later a note was released in the newspaper Pravda. The pilot’s brother Viktor Frantsevich worked as a qualified locksmith at the Moscow defense plant, so he had a reservation. However, having learned about the feat of a relative and wanting to avenge him, he decided to go to the front.

For several months he was not released, not wanting to lose a valuable employee, but nevertheless they gave good. Victor's life ended in battle at the end of September. Since then, about 60 there were about 60 about all the pilots who committed Taran A over the years of World War II, they said that they repeated the feat of Gastello. A number of settlements and geographical facilities in the USSR were named after Nikolai Gastello in the name of Nikolai Gastello, and in the middle of X the name of the pilot received a ship following the route “Moscow - Astrakhan”.

On the territory of the former Soviet Union, several monuments were erected to Captain Gastello, and a memorial plaque in memory of the hero with his photo was placed on the gymnasium building in which the pilot studied. The feat of the rest of the dead crew members was not evaluated for a long time - only in the Heroes they posthumously assigned the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree.

Already in the x years, some political forces criticized Taran Gastello. At first, the version was nominated that the enemy column was destroyed by the pilot Alexander Spiridonovich Maslov. This information appeared on the basis of the outcome of the exhumation of the remains of the crew members in m. It turned out that instead of the personal belongings of the team of the bomber of the DB-3F bomber, on the spot found objects belonging to Maslov himself and his radio operator Grigory Reutov.

This suggested that the ram was not Gastello. At the same time, the wreckage of the aircraft, possibly ruled by Nikolai Frantsevich, was found nearby, near the village of Matski. The main evidence that the aircraft was really controlled by the Gastello crew was a tag from the engine with a serial number. There were also the testimonies of a local resident who allegedly saw a warrior, who was captured by the Germans, from a burning aircraft on a parachute.

This version was criticized, since the government of fascist Germany would hardly have silent about such a prisoner of war, while in the USSR they triggered about the heroic death of the pilot, and no official information about the captured pilot was found in the archives.

The first version with Maslov’s plane received a refutation, although in the middle of the X decree of the President of the Russian Federation Alexander Spiridonovich and his teams were awarded the title of heroes of the Russian Federation. Awards - the title of Hero of the Soviet Union interesting facts according to the memoirs of Mark Lanovenko, colleague Gastello, a bright incident occurred during the war with Finland.

Nikolai Frantsevich was appointed commander of a detachment flying from Rostov-on-Don to Moscow to install new radio devices on aircraft. Visibility turned out to be bad, and the aircraft mistakenly crossed the zone closed for flights over the Kremlin. After that, Gastello and the crew were detained, but Joseph Stalin, learning about the purpose of the flight, ordered the military to let go.

In his youth, the pilot, living in Murom, was part of Kazanka - a factory football team. And in winter he loved to play hockey at the local stadium, where in the cold season they poured a rink. The city museum has preserved the hero’s personal belongings - a hat and leggings, as well as a photo of Nikolai Frantsevich in these things.