Chavez biography

Biography of Hugo Rafael Chavez Frias on July 28 - March 5 of the year. Hugo Rafael Chavez Frias was born on July 28 in the city of Sabanet in the Venezuelan state of Barinas, in a large family of school teachers. Chavez’s mother hoped that his son would become a priest, and he himself dreamed of a career as a professional baseball player. Chavez has still preserved the hobby of baseball.

In childhood, he painted well, and at the age of twelve he received his first award at the regional exhibition. In the year, in the rank of junior lieutenant he graduated from the Venezuela Military Academy. According to reports, he also studied at the University of Simon Bolivar in Karakas. Chavez served in the airborne units, and the Red Berts the paratrooper later became an integral part of his image.

In the year, Chavez founded an underground organization of Comacate abbreviation, composed of the first and second letters in the names of medium and junior officers. In February, Lieutenant Colonel Chavez stood at the head of the military coup against the President of Venezuela, Carlos Andres Peresa, unpopular due to a high level of corruption and a policy of reducing government spending.

The uprising, during which 18 people and 60 were injured, were crushed by the government. Chavez surrendered to the authorities and was placed in a military prison. In November, the Chavez's associates made a new, unsuccessful, attempt to a coup again.

Chavez spent two years in prison, in the year he was released in amnesty. He reorganized his supporters in the movement of the Fifth Republic and moved from the armed struggle to legal political activity. In the year, Chavez ran for the presidency under the slogan of the fight against corruption. At that time, he refrained from radical political rhetoric, and the reform program he proposed could not be called revolutionary.

In the December 6 elections, Chavez won, gaining 56.5 percent of votes. Chavez's government policy included a number of large -scale social programs, including the creation of universal education and healthcare systems. The government has established tight control over the state oil company Petroleos de Venezuela, which the profit of which was sent to the needs of society: the construction of hospitals and schools, the fight against illiteracy, the implementation of agrarian reform and others.

Having thus won the support of the low -income majority of the population, Chavez began the nationalization of enterprises in various industries. In the year, a new Constitution of Venezuela was adopted, which increased the presidential term from five to six years. In the presidential election on July 30, Chavez scored 60 percent of the vote. In the subsequent period, the political course of Chavez, called the "Bolivarian movement towards socialism", shifted to the left.

The President spoke with hard statements to the "oligarchs-predators"-the leaders of the oil industry, as well as the hierarchs of the Catholic Church and opposition journalists. In the foreign policy, Chavez took an anti -American position. In the year, he condemned the US military operation in Afghanistan. According to the Venezuelan President, the Americans used terrorist methods to fight terror to fight against terror.

It is quite natural that in an attempt to overthrow Chavez in the year, many, including the Venezuelan leader, accused the United States. Until April 14, the state headed Pedro Carmona Eustral. He dismissed the parliament, suspended the work of the Prosecutor General and the State Controller, and also canceled the legislation adopted during the Presidential of Chavez, which redistributed part of the national wealth in favor of the poor.

In the year, opponents of the president achieved a referendum on trust in the country's leadership. Most Venezuelans then supported the president for more than 59 percent, and his power only strengthened. Attacks against the United States, Chavez gained sympathy around the world. The Americans could not but outrage the list of foreign friends of Chavez, with whom he called the "axis of good": Iranian President Mahmoud Akhmadjad, President of Bolivia Evo Morales, President of Cuba Fidel Castro.

Venezuela has established especially friendly relations with Cuba. Chavez at low prices sold energy carriers to the island state and provided him with economic assistance. In response, Castro sent numerous Cuban specialists to Venezuela, in particular doctors who played an important role in the implementation of social programs of the Chavez government. In July, Chavez made a visit to Russia, where he met with Russian President Vladimir Putin.

Two countries have concluded important agreements. Firstly, an agreement was reached on the supply of Russian weapons and military aviation to Venezuela. Secondly, partnership in the energy region was outlined: in particular, the development of new oil fields in Venezuela was planned with the participation of the Russian company Lukoil. Before the elections of the year, Venezuelan society was divided.The supporters of Chavez, who are the majority among the Venezuelans and who mainly represent the low -income segments of the population, saw in it a leader who defends the interests of the poor.

Opponents of the president accused him of populism, a tendency to autocracy and attempts to imitate the communist regime of Cuba. Although the opponent of Chavez, the governor of the oil producing state, Sulia Manuel Rosalez, managed to rally the fragmented forces of the opposition into a single whole, in the elections of December 3, Chavez prevailed. Even before the official announcement of the voting results, Rosalez recognized the defeat, and Chavez began to celebrate the victory that Castro devoted to his friend, and proclaimed the beginning of a new era of the socialist revolution.

Before the elections, Chavez announced plans to introduce amendments to the Venezuela Constitution, allowing the president to re -elect an unlimited number of times. Accepting the presidential oath on January 10, Chavez promised to conduct intensive socialist transformations in Venezuela, including the nationalization of the largest energy and telecommunication companies. He died on March 5 of the year.