Biography of Catherine 1 Presentation

Presentation on the history of "Catherine I" for Office Slide on January 1 on January 8, on February 8, 6 May 17, Catherine I Slide 2 2, All-Russian Empress of January 28 on January 8, May 17 Coronation: May 7 18 as an Empress-Suproe predecessor: Peter I Conductor: Peter II Birth: 5 April 15 Ringen, Livonia. Death: On May 6 17, Petersburg was buried: Peter and Paul Cathedral, Petersburg Dynasty: Romanovs Father: according to the most common version of Samuel Skavron Mother: Oblitude.

Anna Petrovna 2. Elizaveta Petrovna 3. Pyotr Petrovich 4. Natalya Petrovna the rest died in infancy only 11 people Slide 3 internal policy of Catherine I from 74 to 70 kopecks reduced permissible tax to prevent uprising. Due to the crop failures, bread prices rose, discontent increased in the country. Bering, the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky was established on February 8, a new state authority was created, the Supreme Secret Council for the struggle for power within the Council.

Catherine’s idea to return to the Duke of Golstinsky taken by the Danes Schleswig the corps under the leadership of Prince Dolgorukov military operations against Russia from Denmark and England. She was born in the family of the Baltic Latvian peasant from the environs of Kegums, captured by Russian troops, became the mistress of Peter I, then his wife and the ruling Empress of the Russian.

In her honor, Peter I was established by the Order of St. Catherine B and the city of Yekaterinburg in the Urals in the Slide on August 6, during the Great Northern War, was called the Russian Field Marshal Sheremeteva, the host of hostilities against the Swedes in Livonia, took the Swedish fortress Marienburg now Alum, Latvia. Sheremetev, taking advantage of the departure of the main Swedish army to Poland, subjected the end to merciless ruin.

As he himself informed Tsar Peter I at the end of the year: “I sent in all directions to captivate and burn, there was nothing left, everything was ruined and burned, and your military sovereigns took in full male and female Paul and rob several thousand, as well as work horses, and cattle with or more ... and that they could not raise and chopped it off.” Slide 7 in Marienburg Sheremetev captured the inhabitants.

When Pastor Gluck, accompanied by his servants, came to petition the fate of the inhabitants, Sheremetev noticed the maid Marta Cruise and force her to his mistresses. After a short time, about in August, Prince Menshikov, friend and ally of Peter I. Slide 8 in the fall, in one of his regular visits to Menshikov in St. Petersburg, Pyotr I met Martha and soon made her his mistress, naming Katerina Vasilevskaya in the letters by the name of her aunt.

Franz Wilbois sends their first meeting as follows: “So it was the case when the king, passing to the posters from St. Petersburg, which was then called Nyenshant, or notteburg, to Livonia, to go further, stopped at his favorite Menshikov, where he noticed Catherine among the servants who served at the table. He asked where she came from and how he got her.

And, talking quietly in his ear with this favorite, who answered him only with a nod of his head, he looked at Catherine for a long time and, teasing her, said that she was smart, and finished his playful speech because she ordered her when she went to sleep, to take the candle to his room. It was an order said in a playful tone, but not suffering any objections.

Menshikov took this for granted, and the beauty, devoted to his master, spent the night in the king’s room ... The next day the king left in the morning to continue his journey. He returned to his favorite what he lent to him. The satisfaction of the king, which he received from his night conversation with Catherine, cannot be judged by the generosity that he showed.

She limited herself to only one ducat, which was equal to the cost of half of one Louidor 10 francs, which he put in a military hand in her hand during parting. ” Slide 9 In personal letters, the king showed unusual tenderness for his wife: “Katerinushka, my friend, hello! I hear that you are missing, but I am not upstanding either ... ”Ekaterina Alekseevna gave birth to 11 children to her husband, but almost all of them died in childhood, except Anna and Elizabeth.

Elizabeth later became the Empress of the rule in -, and the direct descendants of Anna ruled Russia after the death of Elizabeth, from one of the sons who died in childhood, Pyotr Petrovich, after the renunciation of Alexei Petrovich, the eldest son of Peter from Evdokia Lopukhina was considered an official heir to the Russian throne from February to death in the year.

Slide 10 7 18 Pyotr crowned Catherine Empress in the Moscow Assumption Cathedral. It was the second coronation of the sovereign woman, after the coronation of Marina Mnishek, False Dmitry I in the city of Slide 11 by his law of February 5, Peter canceled the previous order of inheritance of the throne by a direct descendant of the male line, replacing it with the personal purpose of the reigning sovereign.

Any person who worthy, according to the sovereign, was worthy, could become a successor by decree of the year. Peter died in the early morning of January 28, February 8, not having time to call the successor and not leaving his sons.The lack of a strictly defined order of the throne of the throne of Russia was given to the will, and the subsequent time went down in the history of the era of palace coups.

Slide 12 The People’s Most was for the only male representative of the dynasty - Grand Duke Peter Alekseevich, the grandson of Peter I from the eldest son Alexei, who died during interrogations. For Peter Alekseevich there was noble to know, considering him the only legal heir born of a worthy royal blood of marriage. Count Tolstoy Menshikov Count Tolstoy, Prosecutor General Yaguzhinsky, Chancellor Graf Golovkin and Menshikov at the head of the serving nobility could not hope to preserve the power received from Peter I under Peter Alekseevich; On the other hand, the coronation of the empress could be interpreted as an indirect instruction of Peter to the heiress.

When Catherine saw that there was no more hope for her husband's recovery, she instructed Menshikov and Tolstoy to act in favor of her rights. The guard was devoted to adoration, the dying prosecutor general Yaguzhinsky, the emperor; She transferred this attachment to Catherine. Slide 13 at the Senate meeting came the guard officers from the Preobrazhensky regiment, knocking the door to the room.

They frankly stated that they would break their heads to the old boyars if they go against their mother Catherine. Suddenly, a drum fight was heard from the square: it turned out that both guards regiments were built under the palace under the palace. Buturlin, commander of the Semenovsky regiment, Prince Field Marshal Repnin, the president of the military collegium, angrily asked: “Who dared to bring regiments here without my knowledge?

Am I not a feldmarshal? Slide 14 on January 8, February 8, Catherine I ascended the throne of the Russian Empire thanks to the support of the guard and nobleman, rising under Peter. In Russia, the era of the reign of the Empresses began, when, by the end of the 18th century, some women ruled, with the exception of several years. Slide