Hess biography

Try the literature selection service. You can always turn off the advertisement. On the Basis of Actual Achievements of the European Science is Consedered the Destiny of the Person Organized and Supervising Process of Mass Destructions and Operations Prisoners in Oswiecim.

The text of scientific work on the topic "I was completely normal, performing tasks for destruction." Biography of R. Aristov, Ph.D. Based on the current achievements of European historical science, the fate of a person who organized and led the process of mass destruction and operation of prisoners in Auschwitz is considered. Key words: Nazism, "Third Reich", concentration camps, auschwitz.

The biography of Rudolf Hess is the object of attention of Western scientists since the x years. In Russia, similar studies based on a modern source and research base are still absent. The aim of this work is to update the scientific discussion on this issue, taking into account the achievements of Western historiography. Rudolf Hess was born on November 25.

From a young age, all the upbringing of a boy was subordinated only to one goal - to prepare his ordination into the priest's rank. A particularly significant role was played by the father - Franz Xavier Hess - a fanatic who vowed to give the son of the church as soon as he reaches adulthood. It was the father, the person, a very despicable person, laid the foundation for the formation of such quality in Rudolf as diligence, especially to those who are older, or more authoritative.

On the other hand, wanting to educate the faithful pastor of the church, the father was able to instill in the child faith. Although it would be more correct to note that he developed a religious feeling in Rudolf, who did not have deep roots in a boy and who kept his father’s authority, with the death of which, as well as under the influence of a number of external circumstances that replaced the object of worship - instead of admission to the Seminary Rudolf Hess in the death of his father in the city, he first helps workers in the Red Cross to care for the patients, tries to take a secret.

The passing trains, go to the front, while in the city of traction to participate in the war in his memoirs, he explained to his ancestors by calling the “soldier's blood”. Although, of course, the romance of war, for a 15 year old young man played no less role. By the end of the war, R. Hess was in the rank of young non -fiction with awards in the form of iron crosses of the first and second degree.

It was the war that became for him the central point of socialization, a kind of initiation into the world of men of soldiers [9, p. In his memoirs, he described this moment so much: “trembling with fear, who escaped from his mother, turned into a tired harsh soldier” [2]. However, after the war, the world that R. Hesse wanted to live to exist and ceased to exist.

Like the entire “front -line generation” he had to adapt to the new Germany, which lost the world war. The unemployment that gripped Germany, as well as personal disorder, forced Hess to look for an external support, understandable and familiar to the surrounding reality. He found all this in Freikorps “Volunteer Corps” - “Volunteer Corps of Eastern Prussia for Border Protection” and “Volunteer Corps of Rosbach”.

There, he again gained “his homeland, self -confidence, comrades,” became a member of the “Brotherhood”, without whom he did not think of his existence [2]. One of the main postulates of their existence was absolute submission to his boss, whose orders were not discussed. For R. Hess, a person strictly fulfilled the will of higher authorities, such a principle was perceived without any doubt.

Since the end of the city, the goal of such organizations was not only the support of former soldiers, but also maintaining contact between them in case of speaking against the Weimar Republic hated by them. Not far from the estate of Neukhof near the Parchim with particular cruelty and cynicism, the school teacher Walter Kadov was killed. The killers beat him with sticks, then cut their throat and, finally, finished off with two shots from a pistol.

As it turned out during the investigation, he died at the hands of his comrades in the organization, among whom was R. in his memoirs, already expecting his death in the Polish prison, Hess noted that Kadov was supposedly guilty of the issuance of Leo Slageter -German partisan, who participated in sabotage against the French during the occupation of the Ruur in the city, however, were not found confirming these statements.

Hess was sentenced to 10 years in prison. He turned out to be alone with himself, isolated, and not so much from society, the full member of which he never became, but primarily from the “military brotherhood” in which he saw his support. Drinking loneliness was a serious test for him. He was in search of the meaning of his existence, trying to return to faith, living without thinking about the surrounding reality.

After two years, Hess was on the verge of insanity, experiencing "prison psychosis." Nevertheless, with the help of prison doctors, he managed to keep his mind.But in addition to the experience of finding the meaning of life in the Brandenburg prison, Hess carefully watched the prison world. In his memoirs before execution, he described the prison experience - gg.

Obviously, he used this experience in the future, primarily in the organization of Auschwitz. Rudolf Hess was amnestied. He came to Berlin, who “crushed” him with his noise, rhythm, a new, unusual life. That is why, as well as following his dream - to create a sole peasant farm, Hess went to the village, where he worked in various agricultural units before the city In the search for a new organizational support in his life, he joined the anti -thorbanistic, anti -Slavic, anti -Semitic union "Artamanen" [6].

It was in this association that he met his future wife, and also met Henry Himmler, who in the city of but at the beginning of the X. Hess, being a member of the Nazi party in the city of Hess, moved with his family to Dachau [8, p. In Dachau, under the leadership of T. Eike, he got acquainted with the principles of organizing the camp life of prisoners, considering new knowledge through the prism of his prison experience.

For several years, he climbed the service ladder from the Blockfuhrer and reporter Dachau, to the adjutant and, finally, in the city of such career growth was possible only on condition that Hess was impeccably, from the point of view of the leadership, performed his duties, sometimes reaching fanaticism in his activities. It is likely that it was precisely this quality of his, as well as a personal acquaintance with Himmler largely determined his appointment in the city of a new stage in the development of the Nazi camp system - the internationalization of camps - was determined by the beginning of World War II [3, p.

The mass arrests held by the Nazis in the territory of the October Poland led to the fact that the prisons were crowded. New places of conclusions were required, which became the old artillery barracks in the Polish town of Auschwitz. Having become the commandant, R. Hess got the opportunity to implement his vision of prisoners in practice. At the same time, he, as always, developed a violent activity to embodiment to the life of the order given to him, showing an example of hard work to his subordinates, but demanding the same from them [2].

In his memoirs, Hess emphasized that he wanted to create a camp, radically different from those in which he worked. The camp where the prisoners ate well and worked productively, and treated them with dignity. However, the SSsovites, who found themselves in Aushwitz, in his opinion, were not capable of solving a new problem - in their minds there was only that vision of the organization of the concentration camp, which they received from T.

Eike, namely the use of bodily punishments, an exhausting labor and insufficient nutrition in relation to prisoners. A similar strategy for explaining what was happening in AU -Shvitsa - the transfer of guilt from himself to another was used by R. Hess in his memoirs quite often. Thus, he carried out an elementary process of rationalization, trying to explain to others, and maybe for himself how such an inhuman crime was possible, which for many years occurred in Aushwitz.

In addition, for the memoirs of people who have stopped the law, a characteristic feature is the creation of their own image of the “victim”, which was under the influence of external circumstances [11, p. According to R. Hess, in the summer of G., she will demand entirely from the performer of his entire personality ”[2]. Returning to Auschwitz, Hess, along with Eichmann, developed a method for implementing the set “tasks” - use gas chambers with a “cyclone B”.

Already in the fall of G. In subsequent years of the functioning of Aushvitz-Birkenau, more than 1 million people were killed in it, most of which were Jews [3, p. At the same time, Hess believed that such things can be performed if “all human impulses” were suppressed, there was an “iron determination” based on the orders of the Fuhrer. At the end of G. Hess accepted the proposal of O.

Paul to become the acting head of the E I Service in the main administrative and economic department, which was engaged in the leadership of the Reich camp system [8, p. Only in May, it was at this time that Hess led the operation to destroy the Hungarian Jews in Aushwitz [8, p. After the war ended, R. Hess was hiding from justice under the name of Franz Lang. However, in the city, he later acted as a witness on the Nuremberg Tribunal, as well as at the process of the American military tribunal in the case of the Main Administrative and Economic Administration of the SS and I.

In the city, in anticipation of the verdict, R. Hess wrote his memories, entitled them “My Soul. The formation, life and experiences ”, which became one of the main sources for understanding both his biography and all that was associated with the mass destruction of people in Auschwitz. At the beginning of the city