Biography of the city of Tara

Tara is the oldest city of Middle Irtysh. The King of Moscow, Fedor Ioannovich, trying to protect Tobolsk from the south, ordered to establish a new city on the border with the steppe. In the royal order, Prince Yeletsky said: "Itti the city to put up the Irtysh on the Tara river, where the sovereign would continue to be profitable to have arable land and Kuchum of the king to expire and have a salt ..." Having examined the mouth of the river.

Tara, Prince Yeletsky, decided that the low, marshy lands on the river are not suitable for arable land, they are not convenient for the construction of the city. The place was chosen on the high left bank of the Irtysh near the Arkarka River. It was the most elevated territory, surrounded from the west, swampy, difficult to pass through, on the southern and north sides - ravines, with the eastern floodplain of the Irtysh and Arkarski rivers.

Now it is the central square of the city, the most beautiful place. However, there is a version according to which the city was originally built at the mouth of the Tara River. Then, in the year, after a fire or a large flood, he was transferred to the present place. The fire in M ​​is a reliable fact. The flood this year is indicated only in the Efron's Encyclopedic Dictionary. Currently, not far from the village of Ust-Tara and in the historical center of the city of Tara, archaeological excavations are carried out, designed to establish the place of the initial emergence of the city.

The most important pages of Tara history and interesting facts about the city of Yeletsky’s detachment, numbering 1.5 thousand people, by the fall of the year erected a wooden fortress city. How did he look? Initially, the fortress was placed 90x90 m, the city had a wall on the city and was one of the first chopped cities of Siberia. Later, when forming, the landing was constructed a sharp fortress.

In the “Siberian Order’s Books Columns”, a written head Vasily Tyrkov left the first description of the fortress city to the year. The city was divided into two parts - the inner fortress and the prison surrounding it. The prison was surrounded by a high tyn in a fathom in a circle of just over 1 km, behind which six towers rose - two deaf and four with the roadway. In the middle of the prison was a fortress.

Between the city of the fortress wall, 5 towers rose and one mobile octagonal tower-Raskat. In the fortress and posada there were a court of Cossacks, archers, plowed peasants, a man of the male population. The city of Tara is the very first Russian settlement in the territory of the modern Omsk region. Unlike many Siberian settlements, which first arose as wintering or small prisoners, noting the stages of Russian passage to the east, Tara was built as a city with extensive lands and great powers.

The city from the beginning of its foundation and throughout the XVII century. In the year, Khan Kuchum was defeated by Tara servant people, and Tara was freed from the threat of his invasion. For the establishment of arable land, the government sent “plowed” people, the first of whom arrived in Tara in the year in the year behind the Chekrusha river was the right Elan for the institution of the “sovereign of the Tanner Pashny”.

In the year, Tara was reckoned with "bread cities". Servant people from Tara were the first to explore several salty lakes in Siberia, she was a pioneer in the supply of the population of Western Siberia Sobel. The first temple of Tara was the Assumption Church, built in the year of the founding of the city of the city And the first and most revered icon is the image of the Mother of God, brought by the first governor and stored in the governor’s office, and after its abolition in the Tikhvinsky cemetery church.

Soon, icons, liturgical utensils and books were delivered from Moscow. The city grew and quickly developed. The development of the city was very compacted and in the city of measures to regulate development were not taken and in the city of the population there were more people. The development of G. Tara was facilitated by the road from Tobolsk to Tomsk and exchange trading with Bukhara, Tashkent, China from where trade caravans came from annually.

Sables, squirrels, foxes, ermine furs were sold; We bought silk, tea, fruits. Few people know that for the first time the Russians learned about tea and were able to enjoy his taste and aroma thanks to our fellow countryman - a native of Tara, boyar son Ivan Perfiliev. In the year, Ivan Perfiliev headed one of the first Russian embassies in China. He had to not only convey to the Chinese emperor the letter of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, but also to establish which goods would find demand in China.

It was then that the first ten pounds of tea were brought to Russia. Some historians believe that the fire of the year was the reason for the transfer of the city downstream of the Irtysh to the current place, but this has not yet been found reliable evidence. Famous merchants and industrialists, famous for all Siberia, came out of Tara. The city of Tara since the founding was the place of exile.

The first exiles were peasants, artisans, guilty archers, Posad people, prisoners of war of Lithuanians and Poles. In the exile in Tara, there were Prince of Rostov, Ladoga Sagittarius, who rebelled in the Dnieper steppes peasants, Pugachevites, etc. In the years of the XIX century, the Yekaterininsky state -of -vine plant was founded near the container, where the main labor force was exiled.The group of Decembrists served a link in Tara, including the prominent figure in the Northern Union V.

From the 19th century, the second period of the Russian revolutionary movement begins. In years, the flow of political exiles increases. In years, revolutionaries-racks, propagandists-people's people arrive in exile. The economic situation of the exiles was extremely difficult. They were not allowed to receive money transfers, but it was impossible to find a job.

The exiles opened the workshops, arranged communes. The reduction in the population of the containers and the deterioration of its economic situation cannot be completely attributed to the consequences of the rebellion. The construction of new fortresses in the upper Irtysh-Omsk, Zhelezinskaya, Yamyshevskaya, Semipalatinsk, Ust-Kamenogorskaya was of more significant importance.

By the middle of the XVIII century, with the development of trade in Eastern Siberia, the trade and military significance of Tara falls, but despite this, Tara is the third largest city in Siberia after Tobolsk people. In the year, Tara officially attributed the status of the county city as part of the Tobolsk province, and three years later, on March 17, the city of the Highest Coat of arms was given.

The eighteenth century is the Golden Age of Tara. The population reaches 7 thousand. Sanny, distillery, interim, soapy plants, forges, mills are built. Many people were collected by trade fairs - Blagoveshchenskaya from March 20 to May 20 and Yekaterininskaya from November 24 to December 20. They traded clothes, shoes, leather, fish, cattle and harness, protein, fox, beaver, ermine furs.

In a short time, 6 churches were built that completely transformed the face of the city: the Nikolsky Cathedral was built in the city of Tara's City, compiled at the end of the XVIII beginning of the XIX centuries, give an idea of ​​the economy: distillery, leather and riddled production, there are crafts - silver, blacksmithing, picturesque. Administrative-territorial transformations of Russia x In Tarsky district, 13 Russian and 7 national volosts were created.

Country city was established by emblems, according to the descriptions of which we can judge the meaning or wealth of the county. From G. from the city inhabitants there were 37 merchants, philistines, workshops, 14 representatives of the clergy, peasants, 21 coachmen, and Yasachny. As a result of administrative reforms of GG. Tara remained a district city as part of the Tobolsk province.

In the city in the city, according to the first All-Russian census of the population, county and parish schools, women's gymnasium, hospital, a library, a postal and telegraph office, a marina and an orphanage for 50 children were in force. They worked hard near the artisans, 17 forges operated, 21 plants, including distillery, 5 leather, one glass. At the tanning plants, suede of deer, moose and up to 10 thousand from June to November, Kolchakovschina dominated from the leather of the leather.

After the October Revolution, the class struggle in Tar villages worsened. The young teacher E. Razguleyeva was killed with fists, the chairman of the city executive committee V. during the first five -year -old containers occupied one of the first places in the field of local industrial products, and the processing of agricultural raw materials. In the thirties of the era of Stalinism, militant atheists demolished 5 temples, decapitating the entire architecture and beauty of the city.

From one printed publication about the container of the year: "There was no trace of dust and provincial container, she was unrecognizably transformed." It is sad to read similar ideological stamps. In the same, all the toponymy of the city was subjected to total replacement, the names of the streets, which are or more years old, disappeared. The uprooting of historical heritage, national culture is especially noticeable in such provincial cities as Tara.

During the Great Patriotic War, about 16 thousand fought on the fronts during the war years of Tara became the second homeland for pupils of the 2nd Leningrad Naval Special School. In the year, Tarchani celebrated a significant anniversary: ​​the flight of the beginning of the stiffness in Siberia. In the year, near G. Tara, the first plowed field was plowed, and the “ten” plowed peasants appeared.

A memorial sign was erected to commemorate this fact in the first subsidiary field - a brick stele, on the top of which the ancient land of Siberia was placed, and below - a heraldic composition with the image of a plow and the corresponding texts. Tara today is modern Tara - the second largest district center of the Omsk region. This is a large administrative center that performs a number of functions for the entire north of the Omsk region.