Voltaires biography on

Photo all Voltaire is the biography of Francois-Marie Arue Pseudonym Voltaire-a French philosopher, poet and prose writer and enlightener, skillfully operating in a word, turning humor into a black satire. Creatively approached the choice of pseudonym, rearranging the syllables of the name of the city in which Ervo was born: Air-Vault. Twice to Voltaire predicted that he would live only 33 years.

However, this person managed to dispel the predictions of the star. Death bypassed the philosopher, and a duel, as a result of which Voltaire could lose his life, did not take place. In the biography of French, the writers were also ups and falls, but his name will forever remain in history. Having left the writer to England, he returned to the sage, introducing an innovation into the knowledge of the world.

His contribution is no less than the merits of Jean-Jacques Rousseau. Books "Candide, or Optimism" and "Binge, or Fate" became treasures of quotes and winged expressions. Childhood of Francois-Marie Arue was born on November 21 in the capital of France, the city of love and romance-Paris. The baby was born very weak, and the parents were afraid that he would not do not before the priest's arrival.

Margerite Domar Voltaire's mother passed away when her son was barely seven years old. The boy spent his child with his father, who was in the bureaucratic service. The relationship of the boy and father cannot be called smooth and ideal. The absence of maternal heat greatly affected the behavior of the child. Often, conflicts arose between father and son due to misunderstanding.

Against this background, having reached adulthood, Francois publicly announced that he was an illegitimate son of the poet and musketeer Shevalier de Roshbrun, which very surprised and outraged his relatives. The blood father was worried about the future of a obstinate boy, so he gave a naughty offspring to the Jesuit college, which today is Louis the Great.

According to Voltaire, in this institution he studied Latin and “other” stupid things. The Jesuits fathers and their perseverance were forever remembered by the philosopher. He was very drawn to literature, but a fanatical mood for religious dogmas significantly complicated his life to a young man. Voltaire's father saw his son in the future by a notary public, in connection with this he arranged Francois in the lawyer.

However, very quickly he realized that the legal future did not like. Every day picking a feather and an inkwell for the census of documents, he found a new application to these subjects - he recorded his works of satirical stories. The philosophy at the age of 18 Voltaire wrote the first play, and then he gained confidence that he would certainly become a grandiose writer. And after a couple of years, his name did not leave the mouth of respected ladies and gentlemen in Parisian salons.

His unspoken nickname was the king of ridicule. Thanks to such a reputation in wide circles, noble people were very afraid that one day Voltaire would reach them and put up in a bad light. Funny poems of the “impudent” author were perceived in hostility, so he was waiting for an annual link to the Bastille. But even being in captivity, the witty and direct Voltaire did not lose his creative talent and fused, and contrary to all circumstances, he began to read and compose a lot.

Having gained long -awaited freedom, Voltaire was surrounded by attention and conversations, Glory came to him, and the reason for this was the production of the tragedy “Oedipus”, which the author wrote in the year. Voltaire’s name was now on a par with famous French writers-dramaturists. Feeling confidence in his talent and even the gift, the author gave the public one work after another.

Moreover, the genre belonging of creations was quite diverse: philosophical tragedies, novels, pamphlets and even fables. The basis of composition was made up of historical images, so the audience was happy to observe how Caesar, Brutus or Mohammed appeared on the stage of the theater. Among the classical tragedy, the author managed to write 28 works. The poet addressed the motives of aristocratic genres: poetry from under his pen poured with a song.

These were messages, odes, lyrics. The peculiarity of Voltaire's work lies in his courage not only to tell the truth, not afraid of punishment, but also in determination to experiment and combine, it would seem incompatible - comedy and tragedy together. The author was characterized by the inclusion in the rational-cold work of notes of sentimentalism and sensitivity.

There were nypical heroes on the pages of his masterpieces: Chinese, Iranian -speaking Scythians and others. One of Francois's most popular poetic works is the classical epic of Heniad, which was published in the year. The plot of this masterpiece was based on condemning by the author of the Tiral kings for their breathtaking veneration of God. At the same time, the heroes had prototypes, easily recognized by readers.

The next key work was the satirical parody poem "Orleans Virgin", written in the year, and published much later - in the year. Until that moment, the poem was released by fragments under the authorship of anonymous. However, this is not a biography of a brave girl, but an irony over the foundations of French society and the church. This work was read excitedly by A.Pushkin and even made attempts to imitate the French author, composing "Ruslan and Lyudmila." But later, having matured a little, the shone of Russian poetry revised the views and the score previously liked the work very bad.

In the work of Voltaire there was a place for philosophical prose, which was at that time endlessly popular. Adventure stories were intertwined with questions about the reorganization of being, the power of man, the power of optimism and the confrontation of pessimism. The works wear memorable and vivid names. One of which is “simple-minded”-a novel-education that contains lyrics and philosophy.

The plot is built on a typical character-a noble savage a la Robinson Cruisor of the Enlightenment, which clearly demonstrates the innate morality of a person before his acquaintance with civilization. It is impossible to deprive the most quoted book in the world under the authorship of Voltaire - “Candide, or Optimism” written in the year, the book can rightfully be called the world bestseller.

This creation was expected for a long time, as it was prohibited due to vulgarity and obscenity. For unknown reasons, Voltaire did not consider this work successful, and sometimes denied his authorship. Absurd and angry sarcasm - so you can give a review of the whole book so briefly. Adventures and events were invented in such a way that they do not leave the reader of another choice how to condemn society and laugh at the government and the church.

For objective reasons, the book was blacklisted on behalf of the Roman Catholic Church. But this did not affect high reader's interest, or maybe even strengthened it. By the will of fate, Voltaire was destined to return to Bastille again. Cold walls, smell, loneliness and unity with thoughts - in the life of the writer, dejavu happened. The fault of this was a daring word addressed to Chevalier de Rogan, who in turn ridiculed the pseudonym of the writer, arguing this with the desire to hide the poor origin.

Voltaire did not think for long and gave an answer from which it followed that Glory was waiting for him, and the offender is oblivion. For the insolence shown by the footman de Rogan mercilessly sorted out the writer. This story woke a sense of justice in Voltaire and forever strengthened the aversion to bias in any of its manifestations.

By order of King Voltaire, he was sent to England. The state system of England of that time was radically different from conservative France with landmarks to the monarchy. This struck the writer and inspired again. Here, Voltaire made useful acquaintances with English philosophers, claiming that in order to turn to God, a person does not have to resort to the church.

The French philosopher reflected the impressions of the thoughts against the backdrop of a trip to England in the treatise “Philosophical Letters”, supporting in it the teachings of John Locke and negatively assessing the materialistic philosophy. The main ideas of “philosophical letters” are equality, respect for property, security and freedom. Interestingly, Voltaire never denied the possibility of life after death, but at the same time did not illuminate it in his works.

But the author thought clearly and loudly on the issue of human freedom, for which Louis XV, having read the treatise, gave the order to burn Voltaire’s work, and send a naughty author to Bastille. It was equal to death in Bastille for the third time, so Voltaire runs to Shampan, where his lover awaits him. Despite the fact that Voltaire criticized the structure of the church throughout his life, he did not consider himself an atheist and did not support his propaganda.

They may be familiar.