Biography of bulls actor

St. Petersburg 2nd Krasnoarmeyskaya St. His fate was not easy, and life was interrupted unfairly early, not allowing the master to realize all his creative plans. But the memory of Leonid Fedorovich will forever remain in the hearts of grateful compatriots who are reviewing his films, sing “Smuglyanka” on Victory Day and bow to the heroes who, in a bloody battle with the Nazis, defended their land.

In the photo: Leonid Bykov childhood and youth years Leonid was born in a year in the small Ukrainian village of Znamenskoye now Cherkasskoye, from where his parents came from. Father, Fedor Ivanovich, came from a simple working family and, from the age of thirteen, worked at the metallurgical plants of Donbass. After the revolution, the year became a convinced Lenin, joined the ranks of the Bolshevik party and followed its ideals until the end of his life.

In the year he married a fellow villager Zinaida Bykova, they were namesakes, and soon she gave birth to a daughter Louise and son Leonid. The family of Leonid Bykov is the second woman on the right - a neighbor in the year, the family moved to Kramatorsk - at that time a rapidly developing industrial town, where my father got a job at the local metallurgical plant.

Bykovs settled on the outskirts, in a picturesque village of distributors, where the happiest children's years of Little Leoni passed. He played chess, loved to drive the ball and take fish. Leonid Bykov in childhood when the Great Patriotic War began, the Donbass factories were evacuated to Barnaul, where the Bykov family went. There, the boy, having attributed a couple of extra years to himself, tried to enter the flight school.

The deception was quickly opened, and the young man was not accepted, advising a little to grow. But Leonid did not part with the childhood dream of the sky and entered the Leningrad Special School for the pilots in the year. Unfortunately, she was soon disbanded, and Bykov returned to Kramatorsk. Young Leonid Bykov with his mother at the insistence of his father, he went to study in a metallurgical college, but a year later he realized that this profession was not for him.

From an early age, Leonid was distinguished by artistic abilities, sang well, danced perfectly, had a developed sense of humor. In school years, he participated in amateur performances, tried to write scripts. As his childhood friend recalled: at the breaks, he so famously beat off his lecture and performed a “gypsy” with the way out that everyone was waiting for this moment.

And in the lessons, it involuntarily gave his mobile person such an expression when communicating with the teacher that the whole group fell out of laughter in the year to go to Kyiv at the Theater Institute, but was not accepted due to the unfinished secondary education. Returning to Kramatorsk, he again sat down at the evening school desk, and a year later he became a student at the Kharkov Institute of Arts named after Kotlyarevsky.

The first roles and films in the year of Bykov, having graduated from the university, got a job in the troupe of the Kharkov Academic Theater named after Shevchenko, where he established himself from the best side. The young actor was immediately given the leading roles in the performances “How Steel was tempered” Pavka Korchagin and “Three Soloviev Street, 17” Shtilyag, and a year later he received the first proposal to star in the cinema.

Leonid Bykov, in the play of the Kharkov Academic Theater, for the first time on the screen of the bulls, appeared as a collective farm button accordion Sashka in the lyrical melodrama “The Fate of Marina”, shot at the Dovzhenko film studio. The debut turned out to be successful, and the talented charming guy was called to Lenfilm - the second most important film studio of the country.

The frame from the film “The Fate of Marina” in the comedy “Taming Tigers” he played the role of the Starpome of the river tug, Petya Mokin, hopelessly in love with the main character Lyudmila Kasatkin. In the melodrama, “Alien relatives” tried on the image of a young school teacher, and in the comedy “Maxim Perepelitsa” he played practically himself - a charming Ukrainian guy, famous for the ability to invent various fables.

Among the best roles of that period, one cannot fail to mention Alyosha Akinshin “Volunteers” and Pasha Bogatyrev “My dear man”. Leonid Bykov in the role of Maxim Perepelitsa quarry Bykov at Lenfilm developed so rapidly that he moved from Kharkov to Leningrad with his family. In the same year, the melodrama “Alyoshkina Love” was released on the screens, where Leonid played an inexperienced boy who found herself in the same expedition with harsh geologists.

For ten years, Bykov performed two dozen roles that brought him all -Union fame, honor and recognition. But Leonid did not want to be limited only to acting - he carried in his head his own ideas, which he dreamed of embodied on the screen as a director. The frame from the film “Alyoshkina Love” is his first experience in this field - the short film “As a rope does not curl ...”, which remained almost unnoticed.

But this did not stop our hero, and in the year he introduced the comedy “Bunny” to the audience, in which he played the main role. The picture successfully went at the box office, but among critics caused ambiguous assessments.Many condemned the director’s attempt to draw attention to the tragedy of a little person who unsuccessfully tries to resist the bureaucratic bureaucratic machine.

Leonid Bykov in the film "Bunny" in Leningrad Bykov lived for nine years, which turned out to be the happiest for them. In their spacious three -room apartment issued by Lenfilm, frequent guests were Mark Bernes, Boris Andreev, Stanislav Rostotsky, Alexei Batalov, Sergey Filippov and other bright representatives of the creative intelligentsia. But for some reason the directorial career did not work out, although Leonid Fedorovich had several ready-made interesting scenarios.

Among them, a special place was occupied by the story of the exploits of Soviet pilots, which he certainly wanted to embody on the screen. For this reason, he accepted an offer from the leadership of the Dovzhenko film studio, which had long tried to lure Bykov to Kyiv. But the promised golden mountains turned into complete disappointment - the “visiting” director had to overtake the thresholds of bossies for several years before he was allowed to shoot a picture of his dreams.

Leonid Bykov, as a maestro, the basis of the script was a true story about the “singing” squadron, which during the Great Patriotic War was commanded by the legendary Soviet AC Vitaliy Ivanovich Popkov. In the liberated territories, pilots gave concerts for the local population, and at one of these performances in Kramatorsk, the young Lenov Bykov was lucky to visit.

The frame from the film “Only the Old Men goes into battle” The real facts were the love story of the Uzbek pilot and a Russian girl, the return of the squadron commander after the battle on the horse, his captivity to his own and even the habit of mechanic to baptize the planes before departure. There are only old people into battle. A fragment of the phrase “only old people go into battle”, which became the name of the film, belonged to the commander of the 3rd Air Army Mikhail Mikhailovich Gromov, and the drawing with the image of the musical camp flashed on the attack aircraft of the Hero of the Soviet Union Vasily Emelianenko.

Despite this, the drawing of the musical camp, the script was initially rejected by Goskino officials - it was called "non -heroic". And only after the intervention of veterans and high military superiors, the picture was launched into work. A poster advertising the film was waiting for an unprecedented success - in the year it was watched by 45 million moviegoers.

Prior to this, not a single picture of the war aroused such an interest - the most vivid phrases were dismantled for quotes, the song “Smuglyka” became the anthem of military pilots, and Leonid Bykov, who played the role of Captain Titarenko, began to be called nothing more than maestro. In the year, the immortal picture was shown to Russian viewers in color. The latest works would seem that after such a triumph, all doors should open before Bykov.

But this did not happen, and the creation of the painting “Ata-Baty, soldiers went” was fraught with no less difficulties than the previous one. Leonid Bykov, on the set of ATS-Baty Baty, soldiers, went through nine years of work at the Dovzhenko film studio Leonid Fedorovich managed to make only two films. Bykov constantly lacked funding, film, studio rooms and the necessary props.

And this despite the fact that his paintings were beaten by all the records of the film distribution, solidly replenishing the state treasury. His plans remained unrealized to make a picture of Vasily Terkin, film the Shukshin fairy tale “Until the third roosters” and make a large -format feature film based on the story of Boris Vasiliev “Do not shoot the white swans”.

Regarding the latter, there were especially sharp disputes - Goskino officials with manic persistence did not allow Bykov to make this film. And after his death, they immediately offered the script Rodion Nakhapetov, who at that time only took the first steps in directing. All this could not but deprive Bykov. Shortly before the tragic death, he wrote a note to his friends, which became his spiritual confession.

In it, he admitted that he was tired of fighting the system, burned out from the inside and lost interest in life. In the year, Bykov began filming his last picture - the fantastic drama "The Aliens". In it, an alien Glose meets with the rural machine operator Efim Tishkin and shares his impressions of life on Earth. This film was supposed to become a kind of Bykov manifesto, his protest against bureaucratic dominance and terry bureaucracy, which did not allow him to open as an artist and fully realize his creative plans.

The fragment due to the tragic death of Leonid Fedorovich was suspended, and the director Boris Ivchenko was already finished, who completely changed the cast and concept of the film as a whole. The picture was released called "Star Breecious" and, after an unsuccessful rental, was safely sent to the archive of the Dovzhenko film studio, where she was still dusting on a shelf. Leonid Bykov’s personal life with his future wife Tamara Kravchenko Bykov met at the entrance exams at the Kharkov Institute of Culture.

They immediately realized that they were created for each other, although the girl had no end to the boyfriends, and the young man did not complain about the lack of attention from the opposite sex. Tamara Kravchenko Leonid and Tamara managed to maintain love, despite the difficult trials that fate had prepared for them. Their first child, a girl, died immediately after childbirth, the young mother was barely saved.

Bykov then had the first heart attack - so hard he was experiencing this tragedy. Leonid Bykov with his wife and children over time, the spouses managed to cope with this misfortune, the son Alexander Les and the daughter of Maryana appeared in the family. Bykovs moved to Leningrad, where the happiest and serene years of their life passed. Leonid Bykov and his family, upon returning to Ukraine, began not only Leonid Fedorovich, but also his family.

Les, going to serve in the army, unexpectedly ended up in a psychiatric clinic and was recognized as a schizophrenic. The director was sure that his son was healthy and that the case in the Bykov conflict is senior with the command of the part where his son served him invited him to a creative evening, and everything was fine, but Leonid refused to drink with everyone.

But with such a stigma, the young man had no chance to get a job, and the guy, having contacted a bad company, decided to rob the store. Alexander Les Bykov never asked for anything, but that time he changed his principles and connected all his connections to save his son from the prison. But the diagnosis was not able to remove, and I had nothing to do with the forest, except to find a refuge abroad.

There he had a second examination, which showed that the guy was completely healthy, which proved Leonid's fears. Alexander Bykov donkey in Canada, got his wife and four children, worked as a builder. Bykov’s son, in the photo on the right, started a family in Canada after the death of Leonid Fedorovich began to persecute his wife and daughter-some people came to them home several times and demanded to give them an archive of the director, who, with the help of Friends of Bykov, was taken out of the apartment and hidden reliably.

As a result, Tamara Konstantinovna and Maryana were forced to leave Kyiv, lived in the Tula region for eight years, then moved again to Kharkov. They returned to Kyiv, where Maryan, a film out of profession, offered a job. In the year, Tamara Konstantinovna died, and her daughter was left completely alone, forced to barely make ends meet with a beggarly pension. The tragic death of April 11, Bykov on his Volga, went to the cottage to see how construction work was going on there.

On the way back on the road, an obstacle arose in the form of a tractor with a trailer-cultivator, during which Leonid Fedorovich drove into the oncoming lane and his forehead collided with the oncoming truck. The blow was so force that the director could not be saved. The driver of the truck was not injured and was recognized as innocent. The photo from the scene of the accident considered several versions of this tragedy: Bykov’s heart problems before had several heart attacks, an error in driving a “inexperienced driver syndrome” and even suicide.

The examination showed that the actor at the time of the accident was sober and healthy, to the last sorry for the brake, trying to avoid a collision, and certainly was not going to take accounts with life. He drove the car masterfully, even took extreme driving lessons. As a result, they came to the conclusion that a fatal accident simply occurred on the road. Bykov’s death was not only a terrible tragedy for friends and relatives, but also an irreparable loss for the whole country.

Many did not believe in the accident of this car accident, believing that in this way the authorities dealt with the objectionable director. The last 24 hours Leonida Bykov Leonid Fedorovich seemed to foresee imminent departure. He managed to write a testament in which he described his funeral in detail, he refused to celebrate the fifty -year anniversary at the film studio, noting that there would be a different reason to gather soon.